IP Addressing Detailed Explanation
IP addressing is the process of assigning a numerical label,
called an IP address, to each device connected to a computer network that uses
the Internet Protocol for communication. An IP address serves two main
functions: identifying the host or network interface and providing the
location of the host in the network.
There are two versions of IP addresses in use today: IPv4
and IPv6. IPv4 addresses consist of four numbers separated by periods, such as
192.168.1.1. Each number can be between 0 and 255. IPv6 addresses are longer,
consisting of eight groups of four hexadecimal digits separated by colons, such
as 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334.
IP addresses can be either static or dynamic. A static IP
address is a permanent address assigned to a device, while a dynamic IP address
is temporary and can change over time.
IP addresses are also divided into classes: A, B, C, D, and
E. Each class has a specific range of IP addresses that can be assigned to
devices. The class of an IP address determines the number of bits used for the
network address and the number of bits used for the host address.
Additionally, IP addresses can be grouped into subnets.
Subnetting allows a network administrator to divide a large network into
smaller networks, called subnets, while still maintaining a logical structure.
This allows for better security, organization, and network management.
In summary, IP addressing is the process of assigning a
unique numerical label to each device connected to a network that uses the
Internet Protocol. It serves the purpose of identifying and locating devices on
the network and is used in both IPv4 and IPv6. IP addresses can be static or
dynamic and are divided into classes and subnets.
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